英国テルフォード・ニュータウン地域における「第二のボーンヴィル」，ライトムア・ヴィレッジ（Lightmoor Village）の建設

Abstract

Lightmoor Village is a recent housing development site within the former Telford New Town area in Shropshire. It was constructed and managed by The Bournville Village Trust, a housing association which plays the central role in the management and on-going development of the Bournville Estate, a model village in suburban Birmingham. The village is located in a former coal mining area near the historical industrial complex of Ironbridge Gorge along the Severn river. After the Industrial Revolution, the area had been largely abandoned, but turned into farmland during the 20 th century. In 1968, the area was included into the planning of the Telford New Town project. As the result of various twists in New Town policy-making, the site remained undeveloped until the turn of the 21st century. Meanwhile, the BVT, in celebration of its centennial, was planning to develop a "second Bournville" which would become another model village suitable for the new century. Ultimately, BVT applied its plan to the undeveloped site within Telford New Town. The master plan for the site was redrawn several times after the first version was presented in 1997, and ultimately the development of some 800 housing units was authorized in 1999. Actual construction on the site started in 2005, and the first 40 housing units were provided in 2006. The housing recession of 2007 caused a substantial delay in progress, and some revisions in the development scheme, but almost 400 housing units had been completed by 2013. Though Lightmoor Village was conceived as a “second Bournville”, it is clearly different from Bournville in character. Lightmoor Village is designed as a pure residential community, with no industrial establishments or railway station included in the scheme. This is understood as a reflection of the development of motorization in the 20th century.